State of Bihar v. Kameshwar Singh
AIR 1952 SC 252 · Supreme Court of India
Zamindari abolition was a public purpose; the First Amendment's land-reform design was upheld in substance.
Unit I · Land Laws
Agrarian reform, Articles 31A–31C and the Ninth Schedule
Study aid only. Confirm statute numbers with the current bare Act and the official OU LL.B. (3-YDC) 2024–25 syllabus PDF.
Statute sections
| Act / instrument | Section | Name |
|---|---|---|
| Constitution of India | 31A | Saving of laws providing for acquisition of estates |
| Constitution of India | 31B | Validation of certain Acts and Regulations (Ninth Schedule) |
| Constitution of India | 31C | Saving of laws giving effect to certain directive principles |
| Constitution of India | 39(b)–(c) | Distribution of material resources and prevention of concentration of wealth |
Landmark cases
Kesavananda Bharati v. State of Kerala
(1973) 4 SCC 225 · Supreme Court of India
Parliament may amend property rights but cannot destroy the basic structure; Article 31C was read down.
I.R. Coelho v. State of Tamil Nadu
(2007) 2 SCC 1 · Supreme Court of India
Ninth Schedule laws inserted after 24 April 1973 are open to basic-structure review, including property-related agrarian statutes.