Bhikusa Yamasa Kshatriya v. Sangamner Akola Bidi Kamgar Union
AIR 1963 SC 806 · Supreme Court of India
The Factories Act can apply according to the statutory definition even where the establishment is organised in a dispersed putting-out system.
Unit IV · Labour Law – II
Factories Act, 1948: health, safety, hours and welfare
Study aid only. Confirm statute numbers with the current bare Act and the official OU LL.B. (3-YDC) 2024–25 syllabus PDF.
Statute sections
| Act / instrument | Section | Name |
|---|---|---|
| Factories Act, 1948 | 2(m) | Factory |
| Factories Act, 1948 | 11–20 | Health provisions |
| Factories Act, 1948 | 51–59 | Working hours of adults |
| Factories Act, 1948 | 67–70 | Employment of young persons |
Landmark cases
J.K. Industries Ltd. v. Chief Inspector of Factories
(1996) 6 SCC 665 · Supreme Court of India
Occupier liability is fastened on a director; the company cannot nominate a mere manager to dilute the statutory burden.
M.C. Mehta v. Union of India
AIR 1987 SC 1086 · Supreme Court of India
Hazardous factories owe an absolute and non-delegable duty; compensation and closure can follow industrial disaster.