State of Rajasthan v. Vidyawati
AIR 1962 SC 933 · Supreme Court of India
The State is vicariously liable for torts of its employees committed in the course of non-sovereign functions.
Unit IV · Constitutional Law – II
Liability of the State and freedom of trade: Articles 298–307
Study aid only. Confirm statute numbers with the current bare Act and the official OU LL.B. (3-YDC) 2024–25 syllabus PDF.
Statute sections
| Act / instrument | Section | Name |
|---|---|---|
| Constitution of India | 298 | Power to carry on trade |
| Constitution of India | 299–300 | Contracts and suits by or against the Government |
| Constitution of India | 301–307 | Freedom of trade, commerce and intercourse |
Landmark cases
Atiabari Tea Co. Ltd. v. State of Assam
AIR 1961 SC 232 · Supreme Court of India
Article 301 guarantees free movement of trade throughout the territory of India; restrictions must be saved by Articles 302–304.