E.P. Royappa v. State of Tamil Nadu
(1974) 4 SCC 3 · Supreme Court of India
Equality is antithetic to arbitrariness.
Unit III · Constitutional Law – I
Right to equality (Articles 14–18)
Study aid only. Confirm statute numbers with the current bare Act and the official OU LL.B. (3-YDC) 2024–25 syllabus PDF.
Statute sections
| Act / instrument | Section | Name |
|---|---|---|
| Constitution of India | 14 | Equality before law |
| Constitution of India | 15–16 | Non-discrimination and equality of opportunity |
| Constitution of India | 17–18 | Abolition of untouchability and titles |
Landmark cases
Indra Sawhney v. Union of India
AIR 1993 SC 477 · Supreme Court of India
Backward-class reservations were structured with the 50% rule and creamy-layer exclusion.